"AKC SCIENCE CLASSES"
CLASS 10 TH (CBSE AND MP BOARD)
CHAPTER 07
CONTROL AND COORDINATION
BASIC CONCEPT (PART 01)
(1) Living organisms respond and react to their environment.
(2) The response to stimulus such as light, heat and cold varies in different organisms.
(3) Plants have no elaborated systems for control and coordination as animals.
(4) Growth and movement in plants are regulated by both external and internal factors.
(5) Phytohormones are the chemical substances which help in control and coordination in plants.
(6) Auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene are plant hormones.
(7) The movements of plant which are directional, either towards the stimulus or away from it, are called tropic movements.
(8) Bending of plant towards the light is called phototropism.
(9) Downward movement of a plant in response to gravitational forces is called geotropism.
(10) The movement due to chemical stimulus as seen during the pollen tube growth is called chemotropism.
(11) The movement in some plants is neither towards nor away from stimulus is called nastic movement. e.g., in ' touch-me-not ' leaves bend and droop on touching.
(12) Flowering and seed germination in plants are regulated by a process called photoperiodism.
(13) Plants respond to photoperiodic stimulus by a specialized pigment called phytochrome.
(14) Phytohormones and phytochromes together help in control and coordination in the plants.
(15) The specialized cells called neurons respond to a stimulus in animals.
(16) A mass of condensed nerve nets is called nerve mass or ganglion in certain animals.
(17) Sense organs are the receptors of a variety of external information.
(18) Photoreceptors are related with the light.
(19) Phonoreceptors are the sense organs for sound.
(20) Olfactoreceptors receive smell.
(21) Transfer of stimulus and response between brain and the body parts takes place by sensory and motor nerve cells respectively.
(22) Vertebrate nervous system is composed of
(ⅰ) central nervous system
(ⅱ) peripheral nervous system.
(23) Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous system.
(24) A neurons has three components :-
(ⅰ) cell body
(ⅱ) dendrites
(ⅲ) axon.
(25) The functional junction between the two neurosis called synapse.
(26) Chemical and electrical signal is called nerve impulse, which helps in passing the information between two neurons.
(27) Central nervous system consists of
(ⅰ) brain and
(ⅱ) spinal cord.
(28) Brain is the highest coordinating centre in the body.
(29) Brain is protected by cranium.
(30) Brain is covered by three membranes called meninges.
